Muscle Stretching Exercise for Primary Dysmenorrhoea Pain

vim Stretching Exercise for Primary Dysmenorrhoea PainCHAPTER-VDISCUSSION, SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, IMPLICATIONS,LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONSDISCUSSIONDysmenorrhoea is derived from a Greek word and the meaning of this Greek word is difficult catamenial f let loose. The two divisions of dysmenorrhoea are firsthand and secondary. Primary dysmenorrhoea is defined as recurrent, crampy annoyance occurring with menstruation in the absence of fundamental pelvic pathology. Primary dysmenorrhoea is caused by myometrial activity resulting in uterine ischemia ca victimisation inconvenience unmatchedselffulness. Primary dysmenorrhoea is characterized by a crampy, suprapubic torture and this disturb starts several hours before and a few hours after the onset of menstruation. And this distract is characteristically colicky and located in the midline of the lower abdomen but some time the spite may extends to lower quadrants, the lumbar area, and the thighs. The associated symptoms of patriarchal winding dysmenorrhoea are diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting, fatigue, light-headedness, headache, dizziness and, rarely, apathy and fever. Age is a determinant factor of primal dysmenorrhoea, the symptoms being much pronounced in adolescents than in older women (SOGC- autochthonic dysmenorrhoea consensus guidelines)The present discover was knowing to assess the military strength of muscularity reaching economic consumption on botheration and botheration during primordial election dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc nurse scholars in KMCH College of breast feeding, Coimbatore. The major growings of the convey were examine statistically and discussed under based on accusatorysThe first objective of the athletic field was to station the Prevalence of elementary dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing schoolchildsDemographic DescriptionIt is seen that among 50 subjects, regarding the age, most of the subjects were under 20 historic period of old that means from 17 to 20 .In respect of twelvemonth of nurture, autochthonic dysmenorrhoea was high in III year B.Sc Nursing students (72.84 per cent).With regard to age at menarche 54(per cent) attained menarche at and beneath 13 years and 46 (per cent) attained menarche at 14 years and above. Regarding their Body Mass Index, 40 (per cent) of students were 18.1 to 20 and 34 per cent of students were 20.1 and above.Agarwal, (2010) conducted an explorative survey technique with a co-relational approach to find out thethe preponderance of elementary dysmenorrhoea in adolescent girls from the depicted object he concluded that primeval dysmenorrhoea is a very prevalent problem among adolescent girls.Prevalence arrange of patriarchal dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing studentsThe prevalence rate of simple dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing students was 61.25 per cent. The prevalence rate of primordial dysmenorrhoea was high in third year B.Sc Nursing students (72.84 per cent).Shah et al., (2013) conduct ed a cross sectional train at nursing college, find in campus of largest tertiary care hospital in central and sulfur Gujarat, to find out the prevalence of base winding dysmenorrhoea in early days females. The prototype size was 116. Out of 116 students, 52 (45 per cent) had special dysmenorrhoea and the peak incidence in between 19 to 21.So the prevalence primary dysmenorrhoea is high in young female population. Such high prevalence pull aheads dysmenorrhoea a signifi hobot prevalent wellness problem among young students that demands some attention from policy makers also. nagger reported (1982) the incidence rate of primary dysmenorrhoea in India is 60 (per cent).But the straightforward incidence and prevalence of primary dysmenorrhoea are not clearly completed in India.The second objective of the study was to assess the stagecoach of inconvenience and uncomfortableness during primary dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing students.The degree of injure during primary dysmenorrhoea was careful by numerical pain scale. The tec rear that out of 50 students about 20(40 per cent) students the degree of pain was 5 and below 5, next 20(40 per cent) of students the degree of pain was from 6 to 7 and the last 10(20 per cent) students the degree of pain was 8 and above 8 that means up to 10.The degree of botheration during primary dysmenorrhoea was beakd by primary dysmenorrhoea annoyance rating scale. The investigator found that out of 50 students about 11(22 per cent)students the degree of provocation was 60 and below 60,17(34 per cent) students the degree of discomfort was from 61 to 70 and 22(44 per cent)students the degree of discomfort was 71 and above 71 that means up to 108.Banikarim et al., (1999) conducted a cross sectional explore study in that he found among 705 subjects 27(per cent) had mild primary dysmenorrhoea pain, 32 (per cent) had check over and 41% had unrelenting primary dysmenorrhoea pain. Other discomforts that associated w ith primary dysmenorrhoea were fatigue (67 per cent), backache (56 per cent), dizziness (28 per cent), vomiting (12 per cent) and headache (58 per cent). Primary dysmenorrhoea is a general cause for severe disruption to the lives of adolescent girls. Therefore the health workers should formulate the female girls regarding the treatment options for primary dysmenorrhoea in order to flinch the brisk health and college limitations caused by primary dysmenorrhoea.Al-Kindi and Al-Bulushi revealed in their search 94 (per cent) of the participants had primary dysmenorrhoea. Primary dysmenorrhoea was mild in 21 per cent, moderate in 41(per cent) of subjects, and severe in 32 (per cent) of subjects. Primary dysmenorrhoea resulted in limited sports activities in 81 (per cent), class concentration in 75 (per cent) of subjects, limited homework in 59 (per cent) of cases, College absenteeism in 45 (per cent) of subjects, limited social activities in 25(per cent), and lessen study performa nce in 8 (per cent) of the affected subjects.The third objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vigor stretching engagement on pain during primary dysmenorrhoea.The mean pre-test primary dysmenorrhoea pain form was 5.72 and jeopardize test primary dysmenorrhoea pain was 2.18 and the computed value oft was 16.09.So the calculated t value was more than than table t value (2.021) at 49 degree of freedom, because the calculated t value was signifi give the sackt at 0.05 level. It was statistically prove that muscle stretching execution was effective to reduce pain during primary dysmenorrhoea.The mean pre-test primary dysmenorrhoea discomfort score was 67.74 and persuade test primary dysmenorrhoea discomfort was 45.54 and the computed value oft was 14.08.So the calculated t value was more than table t value(2.021)at 49 degree of freedom, on that pointfore the calculated t value was significant at 0.05 level. It was statistically proved that muscle stretching exercise was effective to reduce discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea.Shahr-jerdy et al., (2012) conducted a research to assess the effectiveness of muscle stretching exercise on primary dysmenorrhoea. The participants were randomly divided into 2 free radicals an experimental group (n = 124) and a control group (n = 55). After muscle stretching exercise intervention the pain intensity was reduced from 7.65 to 4.88, and primary dysmenorrhoea discomfort was reduced from 7.48 to 3.86(pOnur et al., (2012) assessed the effect of home-based exercise on pain intensity and quality of life sentence in women with primary dysmenorrhoea. The sample size was 45.The data collection tools were visible Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), visual analogue scale (VAS), and SF-36 health survey. A prototype home-based exercise intervention was instructed for all participants, and the outcome measures were re-collected during three consecutive menstrual cycles. At the end of the study VAS showed a s ignificant drop-off (PSOGC Primary Dysmenorrhoea Consensus Guidelines (2005) shows in a review of 4 randomized controlled trials and in 2 observational studies, exercise was effective to reduce primary dysmenorrhoea symptoms. A more recent research pointed out that vigorous exercises (more than 3 times per week) effective to reduce the physical symptoms related to menstruation.The fourth objective of the study was to associate the level of pain during primary dysmenorrhoea with selected demographic variables.The chi-square test showed that there was no significant association between the pre-test post test primary dysmenorrhoea pain and discomfort scores with selected demographic variables such as age, year of study, age at menarche, and Body Mass Index.Weissman et al., (2004) conducted a study to explain the prevalence, course, hardness, and predictive factors of primary dysmenorrhoea in women of all reproductive ages. And they did not find any(prenominal) significant associati on between primary dysmenorrhoea and age at menarcheChauhan Kala (2012) found the incidence rate of primary dysmenorrhoea was high in low Body Mass Index (SUMMARYPrimary dysmenorrhoea is a common health problem of adolescent females. So they need further teaching regarding the treatment options for primary dysmenorrhoea in order to decrease the existing health and college limitations caused by primary dysmenorrhoea (Banikarim et al., 1999).Keeping in this view, the researcher aimed to conduct a study to assess the effectiveness of muscle stretching exercises on pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing students in KMCH college of nursing at Coimbatore.The objectives of the study wereTo identify the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing studentsTo assess the degree of pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing students.To evaluate the effectiveness of muscle stretching exercises on pain and discomfort during primar y dysmenorrhoea.To associate the level of pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea with selected demographic variables.Review of literature helped the researcher to collect the applicable information to nourish the study, to design the methodology and to develop the tools.The sample size was 50 B.Sc Nursing students. The one group pretest post-test was designed by the investigator to assess the effectiveness of muscle stretching exercises on pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing students.50 B.Sc Nursing students were selected by purposive sampling technique. The research tool was developed and adopted after reviewing the relevant literature. The tools were numerical pain scale for quantity pain and primary dysmenorrhoea rating scale for measuring discomfort of primary dysmenorrhoea.The collected data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics based on the formulated objectives of the study. The tested and accepted the scheme tha t there is a significant reduction in primary dysmenorrhoea pain and after muscle stretching exercises.Major findings of the studyThe total incidence rate of primary dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing students were 61.25(per cent).It shows the students had dreadful pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea.According to the pre-test primary dysmenorrhoea pain score more than half (60 per cent) of students had the pain score 6 and above 6. But in the post-test primary dysmenorrhoea pain score totally 24 per cent of students had the pain score 4 and above 4According to the pre-test primary dysmenorrhoea discomfort score more than half (78 per cent) of students had the discomfort score 61 and above 61. But in the post-test primary dysmenorrhoea discomfort score only 30 per cent of students had the pain score 49 and above 49.Mean difference of pre-test post-test primary dysmenorrhoea pain score was 3.54.Mean difference of pre-test post-test primary dysmenorrhoea discomfort score wa s22.2.Mean score of pre-test primary dysmenorrhoea pain was 5.72,mean score of post-test primary dysmenorrhoea pain was 2.18.It shows the subjects had a significant reduction in their pain after muscle stretching exercise intervention.(PMean score of pre-test primary dysmenorrhoea discomfort was 67.74,mean score of post-test primary dysmenorrhoea discomfort was 45.54.It shows the subjects had a significant reduction in their discomfort after muscle stretching exercise intervention.(PThere was no association between pre-test post-test primary dysmenorrhoea pain and discomfort scores with selected demographic variables.CONCLUSIONThe following closure is made on the light of above findings that most of the students suffer moderate to severe pain and discomfort during menstruation. Muscle stretching exercises are the effective, simple, non- medicative measure to reduce the pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea. This research can make an awareness regarding how to dress prim ary dysmenorrhoea pain and discomfort among Nursing students, College lectures and parents. Muscle stretching exercises are the effective, safe, less time consuming form of therapy for students with primary dysmenorrhoea. It can be implemented into clinical practice and health rearing in order to increase the quality of life for students with primary dysmenorrhoea.IMPLICATIONSThe population around us is growing very fastly. Society has tremendous scientific advancement in day to day life practice to managing pain that arise from unsound body mechanism. Although the natural methods of pain control is pleasant and accessible to everyone in this world because the natural methods does not have any side effect. Therefore the health care providers have the responsibility for providing support and comfort to female adolescents during menstruation.Nursing PracticeA midwife can practice planned education programme to impart knowledge and expertness in management of primary dysmenorrhoea .Midwife can teach medicinal, non-medicinal, and naturalized practices for managing primary dysmenorrhoea.Midwifery nurses can conduct camp for school and college students regarding how to manage primary dysmenorrhoea.Understand the importance of muscle stretching exercise for managing primary dysmenorrhoea.Encourage the doctors to order the primary dysmenorrhoea from secondary dysmenorrhoea and offer treatment if necessary.Nursing EducationThis study helps the student nurses to gain more idea regarding how to differentiate primary dysmenorrhoea from secondary dysmenorrhoea.The nurse educator can encourage the student nurses to conduct research based on the other complementary therapies for managing primary dysmenorrhoea.The nurse educator can encourage the student nurses to conduct research among adolescent girls regarding the prevalence rate and risk of primary dysmenorrhoea.Encourage the student nurses to participate in exercise progrmmes for managing primary dysmenorrhoea.Nurs e educator can encourage the student nurses to educate the health professionals about primary dysmenorrhoea, its severity and its impact on adolescent health.Nursing ResearchThis study gives steering for further studies to conduct in this area.This is important to identify the existing prevalence rate, risk factors, and medicinal, non-medicinal, and complementary therapies of primary dysmenorrhoea.The evident from other literatures indicates more research in the area of primary dysmenorrhoea management.Nursing AdministrationNurse executive can plan and organize camp for school and college students regarding the complementary therapies for managing primary dysmenorrhoea.Programme for nurse midwives to update their knowledge regarding menstruation related complications of adolescents. topical anesthetic mass media can be used to popularize muscle stretching exercise as a conventional therapy for managing primary dysmenorrhoea.LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDYThe study was limited to B.Sc Nurs ing students of 17-21 yearsThe study samples were taken from only one collegeThe short term effect of the muscle stretching exercise only assessedRECOMMENDATIONSA similar study can be conducted in larger group to generalize the findings.A long term study to reenforce the effectiveness of muscle stretching exercise can be undertaken.An coarse descriptive study to assess the knowledge attitude and practice of primary dysmenorrhoea among adolescent girls can be conducted.A study can be conducted to assess the incidence rate of primary dysmenorrhoea.A similar study we can conduct to findout the effectiveness of non-medicinal interventions for primary dysmenorrhoea.A similar study we can conduct to find out the effectiveness of conventional therapies for managing primary dysmenorrhoea.A comparative study we can conduct between medicinal and non-medicinal treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea.A similar study can be conducted to know the effectiveness of muscle stretching exercise on pre-m enstrual symptoms also. plagiariseTitle of the study A study to assess the effectiveness of muscle stretching exercises on pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing students in KMCH College of Nursing, Coimbatore. Objectives of the study were as follows, identify the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing students, adjust the degree of pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea among B.Sc Nursing students, evaluate the effectiveness of muscle stretching exercise on pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea, associate the level of pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea with selected demographic variables. 1 group pretest and post test design was adopted. Setting of the study was KMCH College of Nursing, Coimbatore. ensample was 50 B.Sc Nursing students with primary dysmenorrhoea. Sampling technique was Non probability purposive sampling technique was adopted. The model of this study was developed from Titler et al (2 004) effectivity model. Menstrual pain perception level was measured by using numerical pain scale and primary dysmenorrhoea discomfort was assessed by primary dysmenorrhoea discomfort assessing rating scale. Muscle stretching exercise was given to the subjects flipper days per week about 30 min, under the supervision of investigator. impart of the study had shown significant effect of muscle stretching exercises on pain and discomfort during primary dysmenorrhoea. This is proved by diametrict test. The pairedt value for pain and exercise was16.09 (p